Explain the term 'rectification' in electrical engineering.

Rectification in electrical engineering refers specifically to the process of converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This is a fundamental operation in many electronic devices, where DC is required for proper functionality.

In the context of rectification, an electronic component called a rectifier is employed. This device allows current to flow in one direction while blocking it in the opposite direction, effectively transforming the bi-directional flow of AC into the unidirectional flow of DC. This process is essential in power supplies that charge batteries and operate electronic circuits that require stable and constant voltage.

The significance of rectification comes from its application in various fields, such as providing power for electronics, power supply circuits, and in battery charging systems. The role of rectification ensures that devices operate reliably and effectively, adhering to the specifications needed for their operation.